When I test these batteries should I be testing them one at a time? Meaning undo the terminals at each battery. I don’t want to get false readings and I’m not too sure on it.
Also to test the battery does it matter if I test it right after driving or should I be letting it sit for a few hours?
Noob questions I know but just want to get it right.
What you are trying to do is to test both batteries after being charged (after driving). They should have nearly the same charge. If you let the truck sit overnight, the batteries should retain their voltage. If you have a parasitic draw, the draw should draw down both batteries because they are both connected and in the circuit. But let's assume no parasitic draw. That makes it a little easier.
1) After driving, disconnect both negative cables. Do the voltage testing, and write them down - driver side, passenger side.
2) Next morning, do the testing again, write down the new voltages, and compare - they should be the same as the previous reading.
If one battery significantly changes voltage lower overnight, that's very likely your problem battery.
3) Attach the ground for one battery, crank the engine for say 10 seconds (or until it starts). If possible observe the voltage while cranking and write it down with your other test results. This puts an electrical load on the battery, just like a carbon pile tester would do. Check the voltage on the connected battery. Write it down with your other readings. Disconnect the negative cable on the tested battery.
On the other battery, attach the negative cable and crank the engine for the same amount of time. Check the voltage on the 2nd battery, and write it down with your other readings.
3) Compare the two tests. If one battery significantly changes voltage lower, that's very likely your problem battery.
You can do a straight voltage test with a volt meter. Test probes on the battery terminals themselves, not on the cable connector or outside of the cables. A carbon pile tester would be better but few of us has such a tester.
The purpose is to determine if one battery is causing problems but not the other. If both batteries have both cables connected you'll get a "combined" test result and what you want is an individual test result. I must say it is not imperative to wait overnight, but I was charging both of my batteries overnight and in the morning, the test would look 'good', both batteries fully charged, but within an hour it wouldn't start the truck. Now how could that be? One battery had a short and the way I found out which one was to do separate the battery testing. That's why when you take a dual battery vehicle for testing, they need to take one of the batteries out of the circuit so they are testing only one battery, then the other. And that's what you are trying to accomplish.