300v isn't that high, expecially dealing with possible transient of injector coils running on 48V already. You need some MOV and such in there just to clamp that. As for the harness adapter, I have no problems with puncture probes, just a dap of liquid tape afterward. So I'm pretty sure it can be checked on the cheap.
It's simply finding a good bloke that's willing to accept a few bills in exchange of simply doing what I ask, without securing a mecanical job afterward.
BUT, I could disconnect the whole truck, and only connect the sensors to a normal scope come to think of it. Maybe that's what you were suggesting all along. I can do the test on starter speed. It would still show me correlation or not, but wont show me anything about the ecm but by then I'd already know. I already ruled out the wiring loom.
Yep, that's one way to do it. And we were talking about probing the CMP & CKP, not injector drive voltages.
CMP = cam position sensor
CKP = crank position sensor
Neither of those should go over 12-14V during operation.
If you did want to probe the injector drivers, that scope is rated 300Vrms & 1000Vpeak, which is plenty safe for the flyback on the injector solenoids. There should be clamp diodes or similar in the FICM, so all you'd have to worry about is line losses preventing the snubbing if you probe close to the injector instead of close to the FICM. I'd feel comfortable using this scope for that. But it wouldn't really tell you anything about your current code, as you say it runs fine (aka injectors being fired normally), just has the correlation code.
On the LS engines, if you've had the crank or cam out, there is a relearn to let the ECU know the new angle variation is expected. This is called a C.A.S.E. (Crank Angle Sensor Error) relearn. I don't know if you can do a CASE relearn on a Duramax, but it might be worth looking into. I've had a few LB7s apart and none of them had any miscorrelation, so I have never even looked if it is possible. As has been suggested before, I'd be suspicious of a slight bend in the dowel pin(s) causing the alignment error the ECU is complaining about.
And you could always try and find a buddy's ECU to swap temporarily to conclusively determine if the issue is in the ECU or not.