I'm a chemical engineer! But only by schooling not by job
I'd use something you wouldn't be upset about running through your combustion chambers or more importantly your injector tips. If diesel or diesel fuel additive is enough to hold it in place just use that. Vaseline or engine oil won't hurt the O ring, and probably the most solvent thing the seal will actually touch is biodiesel (fatty acid methyl ester... Generally trans esterified polyglycerides).
The bigger issue is once something is carried into the injectors and combustion chambers and isn't meant to burn. Vasoline May or may not be ok depending on what's ACTUALLY in it, engine oil could have sulfate ash or other additives that don't combust well and coke up everything they touch (why you shouldn't burn used engine oil in a diesel as fuel or to lube the injection pump).
I'm sure whatever you use probably isn't a large enough amount to make a difference but if diesel, diesel additive, or two stroke oil are thick enough to do it I'd stick to them.