The previous owner "turbines" was probably responsible for the most abuse on these units. He ran them on a heavier boat, in offshore conditions, where the boat was constantly flying out of the water. I know he saw bearing failures in the upper gear cases since they decided to upgrade the oiling design from internal to external plumbing..
So envision 100mph, 1700hp, props spinning 5000R, loading and unloading as the props leave the water, and never reducing power. Typically on a piston engine ya pull the power as the boat leaves the water, then apply again when it lands. Some compare the impact force of those blades striking the water as being equal to hitting concrete. Reason cleaver props tend to shed a blade if you get it wrong..
While inspecting the drives before purchase, I saw some video of that 50' turbine boat running. Due to the slow throttle response time on turbines, there is no use pulling the power because by time it responds, it's done traveled another couple hundred yards.. The owner told me that they had previously ran the same Merc #6 drives we took off at start of our project. He says they killed a brand new pair of those in a couple weekends due to the abuse those turbines dished out.
Now there is two possible situations I see that may have played some role in the gear fatigue and failure. First, I have no idea which direction those gears were spinning behind that turbine, or the previous boat's'. Unlike a std transmission, these are dry sumps with an oil pump design that works in either direction. One drive spins clockwise, the other counter clockwise. I have no idea which direction these spent most of their life spinning. Could be they took a beating in one direction for most of their life, and I just reversed em...
Second possibility that comes to mind, in that first video I posted with no sound, the throttle blade slammed shut by accident and stalled the port engine. Betting she backlashed pretty hard when that occurred. As engine stalled, the oil pump in trans would have stopped pumping and released clutches. But that's the same side the gear let go shortly after..